Civilians Under Fire: How Heavy Weapons Are Being Used Against Innocents in Sudan

Since the outbreak of conflict in Sudan in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), civilians have increasingly found themselves caught in the crossfire. The use of heavy weaponry in populated urban areas has led to massive civilian casualties and the destruction of critical infrastructure.

Heavy Weapons in Residential Areas

Human Rights Watch has reported that both warring sides have used explosive weapons with wide-area effects—such as tanks, artillery, and rockets—within densely populated areas. This has resulted in the deaths and injuries of numerous civilians, as well as the destruction of hospitals, water stations, and power facilities. The RSF has accused the Sudanese army of shelling the central market in Khartoum, causing dozens of civilian deaths, including women and children.

Arming Civilians and Rising Chaos

To make up for shortages in manpower, the Sudanese army has reportedly begun arming civilians in various regions. This move has contributed to a dangerous proliferation of weapons and increased instability. Experts warn that arming untrained civilians could lead to tribal clashes and future civil strife, especially in the absence of oversight or proper training.

Foreign Arms Fueling the Conflict

Amnesty International and other organizations have pointed to a steady influx of modern weaponry into Sudan from countries like China, Russia, Serbia, Turkey, the UAE, and even Yemen. These weapons have been documented in attacks against civilians, contributing to a prolonged and devastating humanitarian crisis.

Calls for Accountability and Action

In response to the mounting civilian toll, human rights groups have urged the international community to take immediate action. They are calling for a strict embargo on arms shipments to Sudan and for those responsible for civilian-targeted violence to be held accountable.

As the conflict continues, civilians remain the primary victims of indiscriminate attacks and militarization. Without decisive international intervention, the humanitarian situation is likely to deteriorate further.